11/23/2023 0 Comments Caffeine half life neonate![]() CONCLUSIONS:Ĭaffeine citrate is the drug of choice for the treatment of apnea of prematurity. Adverse effects of caffeine are usually mild, and include restlessness, vomiting, and functional cardiac symptoms. There is a remarkable shortening of the half-life during neonatal maturation. ![]() The half-life of caffeine citrate is 100 hours at birth and 5 hours at a gestational age >29 weeks. It is N-demethylated by CYP1A2 and is N-acetylated by N-acetyltransferase. Orally administered caffeine citrate is rapidly and completely absorbed. Caffeine increases respiratory rate and minute volume, stimulates respiratory centers, and increases pulmonary blood flow and the sensitivity of central medullary areas to hypercapnia. It binds competitively to the receptors for adenosine A1 and A2 A, causing inhibition. RESULTS:Ĭaffeine citrate is a stimulant of the respiratory and central nervous systems. The bibliographic search was performed using PubMed and EMBASE databases as search engines and April 2014 was the cutoff point. ![]() The objectives of this article are to review: (1) the mechanisms of action, (2) the effects, (3) the metabolism, (4) the pharmacokinetics, and (5) the adverse effects of caffeine citrate in preterms. of breathing cessation and is the most important disorder in the control of breathing in preterm infants. Apnea of prematurity consists in 15 to 20 sec.
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